Skip to main content

What would it mean for your HFrEF patients to feel better?

PARADIGM-HF evaluated patients' overall quality of life (QoL) using the KCCQ-23, which includes these domains1,2:
  • Physical limitation

  • Symptom frequency

  • Symptom burden

  • Symptom stability

  • Self-efficacy

  • Social limitation

  • QoL

Each domain is scored on a scale of 0-100; higher scores indicate better health status.

The KCCQ-23 Clinical Summary score (CS) represents the average of the symptom (frequency and burden) and physical limitation domains.1,2 

Analysis included all patients with at least 1 KCCQ data up to month 8. For patients who died, the worst score (0) was imputed for the CS at all subsequent scheduled visits.

KCCQ-23 results

Patients on ENTRESTO® experienced 35% less decline in health-related QoL vs an ACEi2

Change in the KCCQ-23 CS from baseline to 8 months was a prespecified secondary outcome in PARADIGM-HF.1,3

Mean change in KCCQ-23 CS at 8-month, double-blind period: ENTRESTO -2.99 (n=4187), enalapril -4.63 (n=4212). Clinically meaningful difference established as 5 points.3 

PARADIGM-HF: KCCQ-23 analysis limitations2

  • Baseline KCCQ-23 CS in the overall PARADIGM-HF population was assessed at randomization. This may have resulted in higher baseline scores due to treatment during the run-in phase. Limited data exist assessing clinical meaningfulness of change scores in patients with relatively good baseline perceptions of HRQoL

  • Statistical analysis suggests that the difference between ENTRESTO and enalapril treatment arms may have been driven in part by the treatment effect on HF hospitalizations

KCCQ-23 tool limitations1,2

  • 2-week recall period

  • Missing scores in physical limitation domain due to conditions other than HF

Read about the effect ENTRESTO had on hospitalization vs enalapril in HFrEF patients

Learn how ENTRESTO impacted hospitalization in HFpEF patients with LVEF below normal* vs valsartan

Explore the proven safety profile of ENTRESTO

*In PARAGON-HF, defined as LVEF ≥45% with structural heart disease (LAE or LVH); median LVEF was 57%. LVEF is a variable measure and the normal range can vary.4

Definitions
ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; KCCQ-23, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-23; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association.

References
1. Spertus JA, Jones PG. Development and validation of a short version of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2015;8(5):469-476. doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.001958
2. Lewis EF, Claggett BL, McMurray JJV, et al. Health-related quality of life outcomes in PARADIGM-HF. Circ Heart Fail. 2017;10(8):e003430. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003430
3. McMurray JJV, Packer M, Desai AS, et al; for the PARADIGM-HF Investigators and Committees. Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(11):993-1004. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1409077
4. ENTRESTO [prescribing information]. East Hanover, NJ: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.